Session 2 — Maps

How to describe two maps of the same place at different times: location language to say where things are, the passive to say what was changed, and the right tenses for past versus projected change.

How today is paced

Reading a map pair → location language → the grammar of change → a timed write you can AI-mark. ~90 minutes.

0:00 – 0:20

Reading a "before and after" pair

Map tasks show one location at two dates. Your overview should capture the big picture of how the place changed — usually from rural/open to built-up — before you give specifics.

Map of Hadley village in 1990 showing farmland, fields, houses and a church beside a river.
Map of Hadley village in 2020 showing a housing estate, hotel, shopping centre and car park replacing the farmland and fields.
Overview for a map

"Overall, the village of Hadley changed from a largely rural settlement into a developed, commercial area, although the church and the original houses were retained."

0:20 – 0:45

Location language

You can't describe a map without saying where. Mark a compass on the map first.

Position bank

  • Compass: in the north / to the south of / in the south-east corner
  • Relative: beside · next to · opposite · adjacent to · surrounding · along the river
  • Movement of a boundary: was extended · was relocated to · now stretches as far as
0:45 – 1:00

The grammar of change

Past change (most map tasks)

The farmland was replaced by a housing estate. · A hotel was built beside the river. · The fields were cleared to make way for a shopping centre.

Projected / future change

If a map shows a future plan, switch tense: a marina will be constructed · the woodland is to be removed.

1:00 – 1:30

Timed practice — Riverside School

Describe how the school site changed between 2005 and 2025 (150+ words). Overview first, then the changes grouped sensibly. Target: 18–20 minutes.

Map of Riverside School in 2005 showing the main building, a playing field, a car park and a garden.
Map of Riverside School in 2025 showing a new sports hall, science block and enlarged car park.

Your map description

Target: 150+ words
Words: 0 Not saved yet
20:00
Map write — 20 min

Self-check

  • Did my overview give the big-picture change?
  • Did I use location language for every feature?
  • Did I use the past passive for the changes?
  • Did I mention what stayed the same?